A 12V DC relay is an electrically operated switch that allows one circuit to control another circuit. The relay consists of a coil, a set of contacts, and an armature. When a current flows through the coil, it generates a magnetic field that moves the armature, which in turn opens or closes the contacts. This action can either allow or interrupt the flow of electricity in the connected circuit.

    Relays are commonly classified by their voltage rating, which refers to the voltage required to activate the coil. In the case of a 12V DC relay, a direct current voltage of 12V is applied to the relay’s coil, activating the mechanism that switches the contacts.