A solenoid valve typically consists of a solenoid (electromagnetic coil), a valve body, and a movable element such as a plunger or diaphragm. When an electrical current is passed through the solenoid, it creates a magnetic field that either opens or closes the valve, allowing liquid to flow or stopping it completely. This process can be precisely controlled, offering flexibility for systems that need to maintain specific flow rates, pressure levels, or shut-off points. Solenoid valves come in various sizes and designs, depending on the specific application, from controlling tiny amounts of fluid in lab settings to large volumes in industrial pipelines.