At its core, the Optocoupler Protected Relay Module features two main components： the optocoupler (also known as an optoisolator) and the relay. The optocoupler is a device that allows signals to pass from one side to the other while electrically isolating the two sides. This is particularly important in control systems, as it ensures that high-voltage spikes or disturbances do not damage the low-voltage control circuits. The relay, on the other hand, acts as a switch, enabling the low-voltage control system to control high-power or high-voltage loads, such as motors, lights, or industrial equipment.