Relays play an essential role in power systems by providing protection to electrical circuits and equipment. They are typically used to monitor parameters such as voltage, current, and frequency, and when any of these parameters deviate from predefined thresholds, the relay activates and interrupts the circuit. This automatic action is vital in preventing electrical faults such as short circuits, overloads, and even potential fires.

    Without reliable relay protection, electrical equipment may be exposed to conditions that can lead to irreversible damage. For example, if a fault occurs in a power transformer and the relay fails to respond, the transformer may be exposed to excessive current, which could result in overheating and ultimately damage the equipment. Therefore, regular relay testing is crucial to confirm that the protection system is functioning properly and can effectively isolate faulty circuits to maintain the stability and safety of the entire electrical grid.